2ndyr-B1 PHYSIOLOGY: imp questions

  PHYSIOLOGY 

BLOCK-1 

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS 

* means v.v.v.imp questions

GIT

1,Gut brain and enteric nervous system
2.slow waves
3.Myenteric and submucosal plexus
4.* Swallowing from slides and books both....know all the phases with efferents, afferents, centres, affectors

5.Haustration
6.* Chewing reflex
7.Gastric emptying and all the factors stimulating and inhibiting it
8.Functions of stomach
9.Storage,mixing,secretion,emptying, digestion etc. (Must know explaination of all functions)
10.Gastric secretion both phases flow chart from slides or google
11.Hormones of Git
12.** Functions of liver from slides 
13.Functions of gallbladder from slides
14.* Defecation
15.** Vomiting reflex
16.peptic ulcer
17. Constipation

RENAL chap 27-31

1.Reabsorption and sec along diff. Parts of Nephron...v.v.imp
(Make a table of substances being absorbed or secreted along every tubule, and the channels in each tubule and the blockers at each tubule)
2. Regulation of tubular re-absorbtion...all points from book and use slides as a guide also.
3. Clearance definition and table is very imp.Learn all the formulas.
4. Obligatory urine volume***
5. Counter-current multiplier mechanism with  Steps involved in creating a hyperosmotic renal medullary interstitium*** PROF QUESTION+diagram

6. VASA RECTA counter-current exchange+diagram
7. Osmoreceptor ADH feedback system...also do its flow chart
8. Mechanisms controlling ECF osmolarity....Angiotensin-ll and thirst mechanism
9. Table 30-1 ,   Fig 30-7 ,   Fig 30-10,  Fig 30-11,   Fig 30-12,   Table 30-2 Do these from chap#30 and the slides  (not a very imp chap to do from guyton but read if you want, for your understanding and mcqs.)
10. ACID BASE REGULATION do full chapter must!!!! leave nothing out from this one!!! very important!!!  a pbq is must!
ACIDOSI,ALKALOSIS,ANION GAP,BUFFERS (do each topic quite deeply)

12. CHAP 26,28,31 are all to be revised because they are a bit hard and important. 
from Chap 32 just do table 32-1 and 32-3 I skipped that chap just did these tables.

 Renal chap 25-26

1. Fig 25-1 is very imp
2. Determination of volumes of body fluid compartments and its table
3. Hyponatremia and hypernatremia
4. Oedema its causes and safety factor...  read everything about lymphedema and oedema due to
 5. heart failure
6. Functions of kidney 
7. ** Micturition Reflex
8. ** bladder nerve supply
9. ** Abnormalities of micturition
10. Determinants of GFR...DO  IT WELL FROM BOOK AND SLIDES...MAKE A STRONG CONCEPT
11. Autoregulation of GFR Fig26-19 is really important

=Thanking our senior for her meaningful guidance 💗

Contribution by: Zainab tasawar (3rd year)
edited by: Aiza Anwar ( publishing director)