NEUROANATOMY (2nd year)

NEUROANATOMY GUIDE

 Since most of the students think neuroanatomy is the most difficult thing in second year because it's kind of a new subject plus teachers and seniors make you believe like it is something out of this world but it's not true. 

Trust me, neuroanatomy is easy than Head and Neck which is honestly very underestimated.

I'll cut it short and share with you guys the important topics so please don't waste your time on the unimportant things and studying precisely will save your time. At first you may feel that I've written each and everything but you'll gradually understand better.

CHAPTER NO. 4:

- Fig. 4.11 

- Ascending tracts of spinal cord (most important) 

- Descending tracts of spinal cord (corticospinal is the most important one) but don't miss out the other ones too

- Clinical notes and figures of every tract is equally important 

CHAPTER NO. 5:

- Table 5.1

- Introduction of brainstem 

MEDULLA OBLONGATA

⦁ Gross appearance of Medulla oblongata

⦁ Internal structure 

⦁ Three different levels of decussation

⦁ Fig. 5.11 (both diagrams) and Fig. 5.14 (both diagrams)

- You can either do the table 5.2 as it can provide you summary of the above stated topics but for better understanding give a reading once and then go for the table near prof. exams 

PONS

⦁ Gross appearance of pons

⦁ Internal structure 

⦁ Two different levels 

⦁ Fig. 5.20

MIDBRAIN

⦁ Gross appearance of midbrain

⦁ Internal structure 

⦁ Two different levels 

⦁ Fig. 5.25 (both diagrams)

- Arnold-Chiari phenomenon

- Vascular disorders and clinical significance of medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain

CHAPTER NO. 6:

- Names of different layers 

- Intracerebellar nuclei

- White matter

- Table 6.1 

- Table 6.2

- Overview of functions

- Enlist the disorders of cerebellum 

CHAPTER NO. 7:

- Third ventricle

- General appearance

- Main sulci

- Lobes of the cerebral hemisphere (Atlas plate 3 and Atlas plate 3,6,8)

- Corpus striatum 

- White matter of cerebral hemispheres (very imp.)

- Fig. 7.18

- Alzheimer disease

CHAPTER NO. 8:

- Tables of every lobe given in the slides 

- Clinical notes only discussed by the demonstrator

CHAPTER NO. 9

- Only names of the functions of reticular formation

- Hippocampal formation

- Connecting pathways of the limbic system

- Functions of limbic system

- Schizophrenia

- Kluver-bucy syndrome 

CHAPTER NO. 10:

- Table 10.1

- Atleast you should know the major terminologies like caudate and lentiform nucleus, substantia nigra etc. There's no need to memorize every thing. Just take the concept.

- Names of connections of corpus striatum fibres 

- Similarly, names of globus pallidus connections 

- Functions of basal nuclei

- To save time just understand Figures 10.3, 10.4 and 10.5

- Clinical notes are important 

CHAPTER NO. 11

- To be honest, you have to do almost everything from this chapter

- It is equally important in theory exams, mcqs as well as in viva 

- Just make flowcharts of every cranial nerve and you should atleast know nuclei associated with them

- Mostly course is being asked but sometimes location of nuclei can also come 

- Try to make concept from the figures, it will help you alot 

- Optic nerve's clinical is very important along with Fig. 11.24

- Trigeminal neuraglia

- Bell palsy

CHAPTER NO. 12:

- Functions of thalamus

- Table 12.1

CHAPTER NO.13

- Table 13.1

- Hypophyseal portal system

- Table 13.2 and 13.4

CHAPTER NO.15

- Meninges of brain

- Dural nerve supply 

- Dural venous sinuses

- Just give a reading to arachnoid and pia mater of brain and meninges of spinal cord 

- Epidural and Subdural hemorrhage

CHAPTER NO.16

- Lateral ventricle and its boundaries 

- Third ventricle already mentioned above

- Fourth ventricle and its boundaries

- Subarachnoid space and cisterns 

- Cerebrospinal fluid (slides)

- Blood brain barrier (slides)

- Hydrocephalus 

CHAPTER NO.17 

- Blood supply of brain (only names of all of the branches mentioned)

- Circles of Willis (Fig. 17.2)

- Blood supply of spinal cord (only names of the branches)

- Clinical notes important 

I just tried to give you guys an overview of how to cover neuroanatomy in a smart way. Your effort matters more. I hope you find it helpful. 
Good Luck!!

thanking our senior for her timely guidance! <3

Contributor: Zoobia Imran (3rd Year, FMC)
edited by: Aiza Anwar (publishing director)