Physiology B1 questions ------2ndyr

 PHYSIOLOGY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS 
BLOCK 1

GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

🔸CHAPTER 63

1)What is the effect of the following hormones on GI functions?** (2 functions of each)

    i)Gastrin

    ii)CCT

    iii)Secretin

2) Summarize the neural control of the Gut wall.(2.5)

🔸CHAPTER 65

1)Enlist synthetic functions of the liver. (2marks)

🔸CHAPTER 64

1)Enlist stages of swallowing. How is 2nd stage of swallowing accomplished? (2  marks)*

2)How is gastric emptying regulated? (5 marks)**

3)How pharyngeal stage of swallowing is accomplished? Write its neural control.(3 marks)

4)Draw and label neural control of defecation reflex (2 marks)*

5)Describe to types of movements in the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.  List factors controlling each type of movement.

6)Nervous control of chewing reflex.

7)List factors involved in gastric emptying with the role of each. (3 marks)***

8)GI Reflexes. (3 marks) [Gastrocolic reflex}

🔸CHAPTER 67

1)Outline nervous control of vomiting reflex.

BODY FLUIDS AND KIDNEY

🔹CHAPTER 25

1)Summarize the distribution of total body water in different compartments. How plasma volume is measured?

🔹CHAPTER 26

1)What is the role of innervations of the urinary bladder in micturition? What is micturition reflex outline control of autonomic nerves on micturition*** 

2)Differentiate between atonic & automatic bladder.

🔹CHAPTER 27

1)Outline the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism in autoregulation of GFR.(2 marks)

2)What is the role of the kidney in the regulation of osmolarity of ECF(3 marks)

3)How GFR is regulated?

4) Name determinants of glomerular filtrate (2x)

5)How does tone of afferent and efferent arterioles affect glomerular filtrate rate.

🔹CHAPTER 28

1)Compare the role of PCT & DCT in handling H+ ions.

2)What are plasma clearance and its significance?

3)How different segments of nephron handle sodium and water filtered in tubular fluid? **

4)How different segments of nephron handle H+ and HCO3- ?

5)Outline process of pressure dieresis.

6)Role of hormones in regulation of reabsorption of tubular fluid in nephron.

🔹CHAPTER 29

1)Summarize the formation of concentrated urine (5 marks)***

2)When drinking water is scarcely available, kidneys can excrete urine with osmolarity up to 1200mOsm/L. summarize the mechanism.

3)How does countercurrent exchange in vasa recta help to preserve hyperosmolarity of renal medulla.

🔹CHAPTER 30

1)Compare how proximal tubular cells and principal cells of late distal and collecting tubule handle K+ ions and indicate which process is subject to extrinsic control.

🔹CHAPTER 31

1)Name buffer systems operating in nephron. *

2)Summarize the role of each renal buffer system in handling H+ ions secreted in tubular fluid.* 

3)How is the anion gap used to diagnose the acid-base disorder.

4)How do kidneys readjust the PH of extracellular fluid to normal when H+ concentration increases in plasma acidosis.

 

[ * = number of times the question came in past papers]_*

Thanking our contributor for her volunteer!❤

Contributor: Javeria Abbas 3rd year

Edited by: aiza Anwar (publishing director)